I think I was arf.com a couple of days ago following some links about this. From what I remember if it says .223 on the barrel it is unsafe to use the 5.56. Such as the mini-14 has .223 on the back side of the breach. It was noted that there can be an un-safe pressure build up from firing the 5.56 in anything chambered .223. The articles said there is a slight difference in the rounds and that the rifles chambered for 5.56 was cut or bored a little longer in the barrel(can't remember exact word). It also said that most of your name brand barrels for ar's are made to the 5.56 spec. They did name one that wasn't, but I can't remember the name. Just have to make sure before you buy the wrong one.